It rained last night, though not enough to energise the plants that should by now be springing to life. The climate changes, and though the old hands remember frosts in May, this week the overnight temperature will likely average eight degrees.
As Eastern England moves from climate zone 9b to 10b, beans and potatoes with their shallow roots will likely thirst. The weather changes to match our dry sense of humour and in the process disrupts our traditional cuisine. We must adapt as we always have.
East Africa, the cradle of humanity, has periodically shifted between a lush and arid climate over the past five million years, and adapting to this changing climate is thought to have contributed to our cognitive development. Adaptation then is in our nature.
So what’s to be done when drought prematurely bolts the brassicas?
The doctrine of no dig with its tenets of not disturbing soil structure and mulching preserves natural pores in lower soil levels and offers a “skin” of organic matter, both of which help to retain moisture. Membranes which lie on the soil surface with cuts to allow plants to be planted through can also help by creating a buffer zone of trapped air that reduces air flow and so evaporation.
Then there’s the option of planting more drought resistant crops such as those cultivated around the Mediterranean. Potato tubers stop growing above 21ยฐC, whereas sweet potatoes thrive in higher temperatures. Climbing bean varieties such as Cobra, Neckargold and Blue Lake, can also withstand protracted dry spells. Plum tomatoes, courgettes, asparagus, the versatile Good King Henry, and squashes with their deeper roots can reach further underground for water. And finally the drought- tolerant succulent agretti or Friars beard is an annual shrub similar to samphire that seems to like the light soil here and edges us further towards a Mediterranean garden and cucina.
Brightlingsea Allotment Holder’s Society
Planting Guide for a Changing Climate
Drought-tolerant & heat-resilient varieties ยท Steady cropping through the extended English season
| Crop | Recommended Variety | Sow / Plant | Harvest | Heat โ | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beans | |||||
| Climbing French Bean | Cobra | MayโJun | JulโOct | โ โ โ โ โ | Prolific, stringless. RHS Award of Garden Merit. Holds well on plant. |
| Climbing French Bean | Cherokee Trail of Tears | MayโJun | AugโOct | โ โ โ โ โ | Heritage variety; pods dry for winter storage. Exceptional drought tolerance. |
| Runner Bean | Hestia (dwarf) | MayโJun | JulโSep | โ โ โ โโ | More heat-tolerant than Scarlet Emperor. Compact for small plots. |
| Leaves | |||||
| Swiss Chard | Celebration / Rainbow | MarโAug | JunโNov | โ โ โ โ โ | Sow successionally every 6 weeks. Rarely bolts. Best drought-tolerant leaf crop. |
| Perpetual Spinach | โ | MarโSep | MayโNov | โ โ โ โ โ | More heat-tolerant than true spinach. Cut-and-come-again. |
| New Zealand Spinach | โ | May (Apr indoor) | JulโOct | โ โ โ โ โ | Sprawling habit; thrives in heat. Use young leaves raw or cooked. |
| Amaranth | Red Garnet | MayโJun | JulโOct | โ โ โ โ โ | Leaves and seeds edible. Striking in the plot. Thrives in drought. |
| Pak Choi | Summer Breeze F1 | AprโAug | JunโOct | โ โ โ โ โ | Heat-tolerant F1; resists bolting better than standard varieties. |
| Roots & Tubers | |||||
| Carrot | Nantes 2 / Flyaway | MarโJul | JunโNov | โ โ โ โ โ | Sow in succession. Flyaway has some carrot fly resistance. Cover with fine mesh. |
| Beetroot | Boltardy / Chioggia | MarโJul | JunโNov | โ โ โ โ โ | Excellent bolt resistance. Chioggia: striking candy-stripe rings. Sow every 3โ4 weeks. |
| Sweet Potato | Georgia Jet / Erato Violet | May (slips) | SepโOct | โ โ โ โ โ | Need warm start indoors. Cure harvested tubers 10 days before storing. |
| Jerusalem Artichoke | Fuseau | FebโApr | NovโMar | โ โ โ โ โ | Deep roots access moisture far below surface. Perennial; very low maintenance. |
| Onion | Sturon / Walla Walla / Red Brunswick | Mar (sets) | JulโAug | โ โ โ โโ | Shallow roots need watering during bulbing. Walla Walla: eat fresh. Brunswick: stores well. |
| Squash & Cucurbits | |||||
| Courgette | Defender / Astia | AprโMay (indoor) | JunโOct | โ โ โ โโ | Water at base; mulch heavily. Astia good in containers. |
| Winter Squash | Waltham Butternut / Crown Prince | AprโMay (indoor) | SepโNov | โ โ โ โ โ | Store 3โ6 months. Waltham Butternut: reliable heirloom with good heat tolerance. |
| Fig-Leaf Gourd | Chilacayote | AprโMay (indoor) | SepโNov | โ โ โ โ โ | Huge yield; minimal water once established. Courgette flavour. Climbs an arch. |
| Melon | Malaga F1 | Apr (indoor) | AugโSep | โ โ โ โโ | Needs warm start and warmest spot. Essex coast sunshine makes it viable outdoors. |
| Fruiting Vegetables | |||||
| Tomato (outdoor) | Gardener’s Delight / Sungold | MarโApr (indoor) | AugโOct | โ โ โ โโ | Cherry types most reliable outdoors. Mulch and feed regularly. |
| Pepper / Chilli | Padron / Hungarian Hot Wax | FebโMar (indoor) | AugโOct | โ โ โ โ โ | Love heat. Best against a warm wall. Potassium-rich soil boosts flavour. |
| Sweetcorn | Swift F1 / Lark F1 | AprโMay (indoor) | AugโSep | โ โ โ โ โ | Plant in blocks (4ร4 min) for wind pollination. Heat-tolerant metabolism. |
| Perennial Herbs | |||||
| Rosemary / Thyme / Sage | Any | Plant spring | Year-round | โ โ โ โ โ | Mediterranean natives; thrive in drought. No watering needed once established. |
| Oregano | Greek Oregano | Plant spring | JunโSep | โ โ โ โ โ | Flavour intensifies in dry heat. Excellent pollinator plant. |
| Dill | Hera (slow-bolt) | AprโJul | JunโSep | โ โ โ โ โ | Slow-bolting variety; thrives in poor dry soil. Avoid near fennel. |
โ Heat/Drought Rating: โ โ โ โ โ thrives in heat & drought ยท โ โ โ โ โ reliable ยท โ โ โ โโ needs support (water/shade) ยท โ โ โโโ struggles in heat
| Crop | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swiss Chard | S | S | S | S | S | S | H | H | ||||
| Cobra Bean | S | S | H | H | ||||||||
| Beetroot | S | S | S | S | S | H | H | |||||
| Carrot | S | S | S | S | S | H | H | H | ||||
| Sweetcorn | S | S | H | |||||||||
| Courgette | S | S | H | H | H | |||||||
| Winter Squash | S | S | H | H | ||||||||
| Melon | S | H | H | |||||||||
| Sweet Potato | P | H | ||||||||||
| Kale | S | S | S | H | H | H | ||||||
| Pak Choi | S | S | S | S | S | H | H | |||||
| Outdoor Tomato | S | S | H | H | ||||||||
| Jerusalem Artich. | P | P | P | H | H | |||||||
| Perpetual Spinach | S | S | S | S | H | H | H | |||||
| Onion (sets) | P | H | H | |||||||||
| Pepper / Chilli | S | S | H | H | ||||||||
| New Zealand Spin. | S | H | H | H | H | |||||||
| Amaranth | S | S | H | H | H | |||||||
| Dill (Hera) | S | S | S | S | H |
|
Soil & Water ๐ฑ Mulch all beds with 5โ8cm of compost in spring โ the single most effective drought measure ๐ง Water deeply and infrequently โ encourages deep rooting. Shallow daily watering is counterproductive ๐ Water in early morning or evening; midday watering loses up to 40% to evaporation ๐ข Aim for 1,000+ litres of water butt capacity per plot โ connect all roof run-off ๐ฟ No-dig beds retain moisture significantly better than cultivated soil ๐ชฑ Healthy worm populations improve drainage and drought resilience โ feed them compost, not chemicals |
Cropping Strategy ๐ Sow successionally โ small amounts every 3โ4 weeks avoids both glut and hungry gap ๐ก Start tender crops (sweet potato, peppers, courgette) indoors in March for a longer season ๐ Fill the autumn gap: sow chard (Aug), pak choi (Aug) and kale (JulโAug) when summer crops finish โ๏ธ Extend the season with fleece or cloches at both ends โ gains 4โ6 weeks of productive growing ๐ Follow early crops with a fast second: beetroot after broad beans; chard after salad ๐พ Grow perennials (artichokes, herbs) that need no annual sowing and tolerate neglect in dry spells |
Sources: RHS Growing Advice ยท Charles Dowding ยท Allotment & Garden | Brightlingsea Allotment Holder’s Society ยฉ 2024




